MSP assisted in the conceptualization of the review, edited, and approved the final manuscript, and raised the funding for the projects concerned. Platelet concentrates can be produced either by taking the platelet poor plasma and 4 buffy coats and pooling them together or centrifuging multiple PRP's and pooling the platelet pellets (suspended in a small amount of plasma) together. (1995). If your virus grows well in SFM then it is perfered because it reduces the cost of vaccine production. how is the calculation? HPL can easily be obtained and produced from apheresis products and buffy coats, and can be resuspended in either PRP or an additive solution (Schallmoser and Strunk, 2013; Iudicone et al., 2014). Plasma is produced by the prevention of clotting followed by centrifugation.

(2013). Effects of medium supplements on proliferation, differentiation potential, and in vitro expansion of mesenchymal stem cells. Platelet lysates promote mesenchymal stem cell expansion: a safety substitute for animal serum in cell-based therapy applications.

3, 1220–1230.

Critical steps in the isolation and expansion of adipose-derived stem cells for translational therapy.

J. 49, 152–156. 10, 79–96. 3, 553–561. doi: 10.1006/excr.1995.1221, Leto Barone, A. GF secretion can be enhanced by activating the platelets in the whole blood with thrombin prior to centrifugation (Doucet et al., 2005; Kocaoemer et al., 2007), thereby enhancing the activity of the plasma products. Their results revealed that each culture medium allowed differentiation into one or more lineages, but never into all three lineages. Copyright © 2016 Dessels, Potgieter and Pepper. 4, 27. doi: 10.1186/scrt175, Patrikoski, M., Silvula, J., Huhtala, H., Helminen, M., Salo, F., Mannerström, B., et al. In vitro expansion of human mesenchymal stem cells: choice of serum is a determinant of cell proliferation, differentiation, gene expression, and transcriptome stability. Platelet poor plasma (PPP), fresh frozen plasma (FFP), and platelet rich plasma (PRP; Figure 1) can be obtained from whole blood by centrifugation at different speeds, and subsequent storage at different temperatures. Haematologica 95, 867–874. doi: 10.1634/stemcells.2005-0020, Kyllönen, L., Haimi, S., Mannerström, B., Huhtala, H., Rajala, K. M., Skottman, H., et al. Autologous serum for isolation and expansion of human mesenchymal stem cells for clinical use. Studies comparing the immunophenotype of ASCs expanded in FBS and the other culture media, found little to no difference in cell surface marker expression, irrespective of the markers studied (Table 1). doi: 10.1089/107632701300062859, Keywords: adipose-derived stromal cells, fetal bovine serum, good manufacturing processes, in vitro expansion, human serum, platelet rich plasma, platelet poor plasma, platelet lysate, Citation: Dessels C, Potgieter M and Pepper MS (2016) Making the Switch: Alternatives to Fetal Bovine Serum for Adipose-Derived Stromal Cell Expansion. doi: 10.3109/14653249.2011.583232, Cho, K.-S., Park, H.-K., Park, H.-Y., Jung, J. S., Jeon, S.-G., Kim, Y.-K., et al. Culture conditions for growth of clinical grade human tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells: comparative study between commercial serum-free media and human product supplemented media. This has been remedied by replacing FBS with chemically-defined human derived alternatives. proteins, vitamins minerals and hormones.

(2006). (1997). Commonly used GFs are fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF; Baer and Geiger, 2012; Ahearne et al., 2014). Gibco FBS can provide the cell health, maintenance and viability critical for optimal performance and cell growth in your culture medium. Expansion of ASCs in PPP results in improved proliferation when compared to FBS, and has osteogenic differentiation which is comparable to that of ASCs expanded in HS (Koellensperger et al., 2014). Depending on the centrifugation speed, either platelet poor plasma (PPP; rapid centrifugation) or platelet rich plasma (PRP; slower centrifugation) is produced. Replicative senescence-associated gene expression changes in mesenchymal stromal cells are similar under different culture conditions. For clinical scale manufacturing, human factors from serum or platelets have been suggested as alternatives to fetal bovine serum (FBS). (2012). In contrast, a meta-analysis of MSC clinical trials found that over 75% of experiments used FBS in their cell expansion protocols and only one study monitored and demonstrated adverse reactions to FBS (Lalu et al., 2012). (1996). (2007). Other than that, both serums provide the same substances necessary for cell culture.

A., Niessen, H. W. M., Prins, H.-J., Krijnen, P. A. J., Kokhuis, T. J. (2009). These trials require that ASCs are prepared using good manufacturing practices (GMPs) and are safe for use in humans.