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albanian language iso code
The literacy rate in Albania for the total population, age 9 or older, is about 99%.
The Congress of Manastir of Albanian writers held in 1908 recommended the use of the Elbasan subdialect for literary purposes and as a basis of a unified national language. Italy has a historical Albanian minority of about 500,000, scattered across Southern Italy, known as Arbëreshë. Teil, Leipzig, 1774.
In addition, Arbëresh is spoken by the Arbëreshë people, descendants of 15th and 16th century migrants who settled in southeastern Italy, in small communities in the regions of Sicily and Calabria.[31].
"Altgriechische Elemente des Albanesischen". [61], Pre-Indo-European (PIE) sites are found throughout the territory of Albania. Latin /au/ becomes Albanian /a/ in the earliest loanwords: Latin /oː/ becomes Albanian /e/ in the oldest Latin loans: Latin unstressed internal and initial syllables become lost in Albanian: Latin /tj/, /dj/, /kj/ palatalized to Albanian /s/, /z/, /c/: Some 85 Latin words have survived in Albanian but not (as inherited) in any, 151 Albanian words of Latin origin were not inherited in Romanian.
Kosovo and other areas where Albanian is official adopted the Tosk standard in 1969.
[78] Media such as Rrokum and Java have offered content that is almost exclusively in the Elbasan dialect. It is primarily spoken in northern Albania and throughout Montenegro, Kosovo and northwestern North Macedonia. PIE *o appears as a (also as e if a high front vowel i follows), while *ē and *ā become o, and PIE *ō appears as e. The palatals, velars, and labiovelars show distinct developments, with Albanian showing the three-way distinction also found in Luwian.
[106][107], The earliest loanwords attested in Albanian come from Doric Greek,[122] whereas the strongest influence came from Latin.
[54] The Shkumbin, a seasonal stream that lies near the old Via Egnatia, is approximately the boundary of the primary dialect division for Albanian, Tosk and Gheg. [57] Over this period, the lexical borrowings can be roughly divided into three layers, the second of which is the largest. Although it was never intended to serve outside of Albania, the project became the "unified literary language" in 1972, when approved by a rubberstamp Orthography Congress. Part 1: ISO 639-1:2002 provides a 2-letter code that has been designed to represent most of the major languages of the world. Center for Research in Languages and Linguistics Editors Henrik Birnbaum, Jaan Puhvel Publisher University of California Press, 1966 p.102, A concise historical grammar of the Albanian language: reconstruction of Proto-Albanian Author Vladimir Ė. Orel Publisher BRILL, 2000, sfn error: no target: CITEREFKopitar1829 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFMeyer-Lübke1914 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFMihaescu1966 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFRosetti1986 (, Last edited on 27 September 2020, at 19:16, the name of the Father, and the Son, and the Holy Spirit, Albanian Institute of Linguistics and Literature, Albanian-Romanian linguistic relationship, Saggio di grammatologia comparata sulla lingua albanese, Appendice al saggio di grammatologia comparata sulla lingua albanese, Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, Einleitung in die Geschichte der griechischen Sprache, Rreth alfabetit të shqipes: me rastin e 100-vjetorit të Kongresit të Manastirit, Albanesische Studien I. However, they argued that this fact is hardly significant, as Albanian has lost much of its original vocabulary and morphology, and so this "apparently close connection to Germanic rests on only a couple of lexical cognates – hardly any evidence at all". [123] However, according to other linguists, the borrowed words can help to get an idea about the place of origin and the evolution of the Albanian language.
[32] The earliest written Albanian records come from the Gheg area in makeshift spellings based on Italian or Greek. Bloomington: Indiana University Pub. The first and smallest occurred at the time of less significant interaction. These languages are specified within a recognition request using language code parameters as noted on this page. Since the fall of the communist regime, Albanian orthography has stirred heated debate among scholars, writers, and public opinion in Albania and Kosovo, with hardliners opposed to any changes in the orthography, moderates supporting varying degrees of reform, and radicals calling for a return to the Elbasan dialect.
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