The assessment process needs to involve the evaluation criteria and highlight areas to make changes. They deploy case-study as well as in-depth techniques to relationship between causes and the effects. Data handling and its interpretation To determine the position as well the contribution of the case understudy (Denzin and Lincoln, 2000). Sometimes, it involves things which need clarification from researchers or more knowledge towards existing phenomenon. From which they can go through searching answers for the given fundamental questions. Probability sampling The fundamental research types are as follows: Descriptive vs. Analytical : Descriptive research involves doing surveys as well as searching facts on different phenomenon through enquiries. Whereas a bunch of descriptive materials are scrutinized and acknowledge the feasible arguments in order to support the study objectives.

So far, Patton (1982) refers evaluation research as a process involving scanning activities, characteristics and outcomes to reduce uncertainties and improve effectiveness on certain matters. matters in question, study elements involved and the study plan can determine research context. Intervening variables It shows the study is accepted by sponsors, and it has a significant impact on the community. For instance Zikmund (1997) identifies that, a study can be carried out to identify strategic areas where the business is making loss and how to create competitive advantages that means the study is conducted in order to improve the share holders welfare. These techniques are used to collect secondly and primary information regarded to a topic, Kothari (2004). These data are collected from interviews, written observations and conversations. Meanwhile, the developed hypotheses are tested through specific methods and make conclusion on recorded facts (to prove right or wrong). Population Whereas qualitative method needs to be complemented by a quantitative method in order to conduct a particular study. Such as children and women affairs needs a lot of research to be integrated as part of poverty reduction plans. These entities involve various values, for instance: researchers use variables for the purpose of manipulation, to examine and test the hypotheses. On the other side economic characteristics are indicated by individual income (GNP), revenue and employment rate. (See the figure below). The contents and examples are designed for anyone interested in behavioral research (not just information systems people), and so, the book should appeal to most business programs, social sciences, education, public health, and related disciplines. Here are some of techniques used in descriptive approach; it includes survey, comparative as well as correlation techniques. Hence, stipulation the researchers are able to have control over the variables.eg manipulation to have the two groups like the control elements (dependent variables) and elements understudy (independent variables). searching to know or understand specific questions such as who to whom and how or why. > Open Access Collections

This approach contrast, the basic research is striving to search new information and contribute or explaining the existing knowledge. Apart from interviews the qualitative research involves various tests in form of wording (both oral and written). Meaning of research Rather a researcher needs to familiarise with the theories related to the study as well as involved issues. For instance if there is a phenomena observed within the community in a pattern way, then hypotheses are developed and examined through specific methods to conclude. But, researchers should avoid declining studies due to hypotheses conflict between the new studies with the existing literature. Generally researchers undertaking literature review in order to achieve the following two categories: The first category is a group of researchers intending to search new information or data related to their study demonstrating ability to evaluate existing literature.